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Episode 341: The “keeper of the gates of hell” hadrosauroid

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    Episode 341 is all about Vagaceratops, a chasmosaurine ceratopsian with a frill that was wider than it was lengthy.

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    On this episode, we talk about:

    Information:

    • Fylax thyrakolasus is formally the final identified non-hadrosaurid hadrosauroid supply

    • Massospondylus had a plastic progress sample that diverse in charge from 12 months to 12 months supply
    • The Nationwide Museum of the US Air Pressure in Dayton, OH, is having a free occasion on June 12 referred to as Operation: Dinosaur supply
    • Dinosaur World opened in Cumberland County, North Carolina supply

    • Dickinson’s Dinosaur Museum has re-opened in Dickinson, North Dakota supply
    • The brand new Mayer Museum at Angelo State College in Texas has dinosaur replicas all through the constructing supply
    • St. Paul, Minnesota’s Kids’s Museum has the exhibition Dinosaurs: Land of Hearth and Ice till Sept 6 supply

    • A T. rex is now on show subsequent to the Tate Geological Museum at Casper Faculty in Wyoming supply
    • In Brisbane, Australia, BrickResales’ showroom is displaying LEGO fossil builds supply
    • Battell Park and Beutter Park in Mishawaka, Indiana have QR codes for Augmented Actuality dinosaurs supply

    • A fan concept for Jurassic World means that Dr. Wu goes to create robotic dinosaurs to battle their natural counterparts supply
    • Glen McIntosh, who has labored on a number of movies within the Jurassic Park sequence, has a redesigned web site that includes his assortment and new work supply

    The dinosaur of the day: Vagaceratops

    • Chasmosaurine ceratopsian that lived within the Late Cretaceous in what’s now Alberta, Canada
    • Walked on 4 legs, had a parrot-like beak, giant neck frill that curled ahead, and a nasal horn
    • Forehead horns had been decreased, extra like bosses

    • Had a big snout with a broad, quick horn
    • Frill was shorter and extra square-shaped in comparison with the frills of different chasmosaurines (wider than it was lengthy)
    • Had smaller parietal fenestrae in comparison with different ceratopsids (had two giant holes within the frill in all probability coated by pores and skin)

    • Had ten epoccipitals (small bones surrounding the frill), and eight of them had been flattened and curved ahead and upward
    • Herbivorous
    • Full maxilla had about 28 enamel

    • Alex Tirabasso, an artist for the Canadian Museum of Nature, made 3D fashions of Vagaceratops to see if ceratopsians walked with their legs sprawled, or with their forelimbs like pillars beneath them, or someplace in between. He discovered the in between posture labored the very best, so Vagaceratops and its family walked with their limbs barely bent
    • Sort species is Vagaceratops irvinensis
    • Initially described as a brand new species of Chasmosaurus, Chasmosaurus irvinensis, in 2001 (by Robert Holmes, Catherine Forster, Michael Ryan, Kieran Shepherd)

    • Named a brand new species partially due to its broad snout, no/low forehead horns (instead of forehead horns are a pit or rugosities that will present bone resorption), and the frill
    • Named in 2010 by Scott Sampson and others
    • Genus title means “wandering horned face”

    • Genus title refers to it being a detailed relative of Kosmoceratops (and Kosmoceratops was discovered a lot additional away, in Utah, US)
    • In 2010 paper by Scott Sampson and others, discovered that Kosmoceratops and Vagaceratops had comparable derived frills (with the fenestrae and the curving ahead bones)
    • Discovered Kosmoceratops and Vagaceratops to be sister taxon and never carefully associated to Chasmosaurus

    • Named in the identical paper that named Utahceratops gettyi and Kosmoceratops richardsoni
    • Talked about Kosmoceratops in episode 173 and Utahceratops in episode 65
    • Discovered within the Higher Dinosaur Park Formation, and far youthful than Chasmosaurus belli and Chasmosaurus russelli

    • Sort specimen discovered by Luke Lindoe close to Irvine, Alberta, after which collected by Wann Langston in 1958. Contains many of the cranium and postcranial skeleton in an upright, crouched place. Present in one block (besides the snout, which fell to items earlier than it was found and picked up individually)
    • Cranium largely full, however fragmented, and postcranial skeleton almost full, minus the tail
    • Cranium manufactured from a number of hundred fragments

    • Regarded as an grownup as a result of numerous coossifications
    • Tentatively regarded as Chasmosaurus belli based mostly on the form of the partially uncovered frill
    • Remained in storage in jackets till the Eighties on the Canadian Museum of Nature

    • Wann Langston and Dale Russell began making ready within the late Eighties, as a part of a debate about ceratopsian forelimb posture
    • Discovered it was a brand new taxon
    • Two extra specimens present in the identical space, referred to Chasmosaurus irvinensis. One was a crushed cranium, one other a fragmentary cranium

    • Numerous debate round Vagaceratops, and whether or not or not its a legitimate genus
    • Some scientists have stated they suppose Vagaceratops is an grownup type of Kosmoceratops; others have stated they suppose it’s extra carefully associated to Chasmosaurus, and others say it was a sister taxon to Kosmoceratops
    • In 2016 Campbell and others discovered the frill of Vagaceratops was sufficient to make it distinct, however discovered Chasmosaurus and Vagaceratops to be in a clade collectively. Didn’t attribute the opposite two cranium specimens to Vagaceratops and stated they confirmed particular person variation inside Chasmosaurus belli

    • In 2019, James Campbell and others checked out Vagaceratops and tentatively reassigned it to Chasmosaurus, and stated extra fossils are wanted to substantiate or refute
    • Additionally stated “the interrelationships between Chasmosaurus irvinensis, Chasmosaurus belli, and Chasmosaurus russelli stay unclear”
    • Additionally stated they wouldn’t formally assign the 2 skulls beforehand referred to Vagaceratops irvinensis to Chasmosaurus irvinensis, and reassigned them to Chasmosaurus species

    • In a phylogenetic evaluation, discovered Chasmosaurus and Vagaceratops to be in a monophyletic clade
    • 2020 paper: Denver Fowler and Elizabeth Freedman Fowler (Transitional evolutionary kinds in chasmosaurine ceratopsid dinosaurs: proof from the Campanian of New Mexico)
    • Referred to Vagaceratops (Chasmosaurus) irvinensis and Vagaceratops irvinensis

    • Hypothesized that Vagaceratops and Kosmoceratops present essentially the most derived and successively youngest members of a Chasmosaurus lineage

    Enjoyable Reality:
    Each the Jurassic Park novel and film have extra dinosaurs from the Cretaceous than the Jurassic.

    Sponsors:

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