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Episode 68 is all about Cryolophosaurus, a theropod with a curved head crest present in Antarctica.
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On this episode, we talk about:
- The dinosaur of the day: Cryolophosaurus
- Title means chilly crest lizard
- Species is Cryolophosaurus ellioti
- Massive theropod
- Lived within the early Jurassic in what’s now Antarctica
- Dr. William Hammer first excavated the bones in 1991
- Elliot and Hammer had been excavating in Antarctica in 1991, and Elliot’s staff first discovered Cryolophosaurus at an altitude of 13,000 ft (4,000 m), about 400 mi (640) from the South Pole. He instructed Hammer about it, and Hammer excavated it over 3 weeks.
- Hammer and Hickerson described Cryolophosaurus in 1994 within the journal Science
- Species named after David Elliot, who first found the fossils
- Discovered bones together with a cranium and femur
- 21.3 ft (6.5 m) lengthy, and weighed 1,025 lb (465 kg); one of many largest theropods
- Just one identified specimen, and it’s a sub-adult, so might have grown bigger
- Second expedition in 2003 to search out extra Cryolophosaurus bones
- Hammer and staff discovered over 100 fossil bones (a few of Cryolophosaurus)
- Primitive mind
- In 2013 Vernon Meidlinger-Chin did an unpublished research of the cranial cavity (it was massive and intact sufficient to provide the form and measurement of the mind) and it confirmed it was not just like allosauroids and coelurosaurs, so Cryolophosaurus could be some type of basal theropod
- A possible pathology was present in a Cryolophosaurus ankle bone, nevertheless it may very well be a singular characteristic (small splint from the fibula above the ankle)
- First carnivorous dinosaur present in Antarctica and first non-avian dinosaur from Antarctica formally named
- Scientists didn’t discover any dinosaur fossils in Antarctica till the Nineteen Eighties (Antarctopelta oliveroi was present in 1986, however not named till 2006)
- Prime predator in Antarctica
- Massive theropods like Allosaurus didn’t reside till just a few million years later (fascinating Cryolophosaurus was so massive)
- Thick, muscular legs
- Lighter and sooner than T-rex
- U.S. Geological Survey discovered that dinosaurs may reside in colder circumstances (referred to as polar dinosaurs, had good night time imaginative and prescient, warm-blooded and will search for meals in winter at night time)
- Again then, Antarctica was nearer to the equator and hotter than trendy Antarctica (although nonetheless pretty cool)
- Due to excessive altitude, might imply within the early Jurassic the realm was coated in forests and had a variety of species on the coast (loads of meals)
- Cryolophosaurus might have been a scavenger
- Some Cryolophosaurus bones discovered with nibble-like markings (doable a scavenger)
- One other dinosaur within the space was Glacialisaurus (“frozen lizard”), a prosauropod (too massive for Cryolophosaurus to hunt)
- In all probability had sharp enamel that curved backwards (to carry its prey in its jaws)
- Brief forearms, so jaws had been necessary
- Cryolophosaurus most likely went for juveniles or sick or previous Glacialisaurus, or scavenged them
- A number of lengthy cervical ribs of a prosauropod had been present in Cryolophosaurus’ mouth, so in 1998 Hammer concluded it was consuming the prosauropod when it died.
- However, the ribs went all the way in which into Cryolophosaurus‘ neck, so it’s doable Cryolophosaurus choked to loss of life on the ribs. Nevertheless, a separate research led by Smith mentioned these ribs belonged to a different Cryolophosaurus and never a prosauropod
- The ribs had been displaced after it died (Cryolophosaurus)
- Excessive, slender cranium, about 26 in (65 cm) lengthy
- Had a crest on its head that ran backward and forward, and seemed like a Spanish comb (most likely used to acknowledge species)
- Curved head crest faces ahead
- Nasal crest over the eyes, skinny and furrowed (different theropods have crests, however normally ran alongside the cranium as an alternative of throughout the cranium)
- Crest wouldn’t have been a great weapon, however might have been used for show in attracting mates
- Nicknamed “Elvisaurus” as a result of it’s crest is Elvis Presley-like
- Can see Cryolophosaurus within the first episode of Dinosaur Revolution (a pair have a look at their eggs, then a bigger male assaults and eats the eggs)
- Can even see Cryolophosaurus in Primal Carnage and Primal Carnage: Extinction (can spit out poison in Primal Carnage and acid in Primage Carnage: Extinction)
- On PBS’ Dinosaur Practice, there’s a recurring character referred to as King Cryolophosaurus
- Board e book on dinosaurs referred to as “Dinoblock” has a Cryolophosaurus in it
- Regarded as a primitive member of Tetanurae or an in depth relative (cranium has superior options and there was debate over whether or not it was a tetanuran, abelisaurid, ceratosaur or allosaurid; femur is primitive and brought about debate over whether or not it was a dilophosaurid)
- A part of Tetanuran household
- Tenanurae means “stiff tails” and is a clade that features extra theropods
- Appeared within the early or center Jurassic
- Clade was named in 1986 by Jacques Gauthier
- Consists of all theropods extra intently associated to trendy birds than Ceratosaurus
- Enjoyable Truth: The College of California, Santa Cruz simulation reveals an approximation of the “mega tsunami” created by the Chicxulub influence. It estimates that the water could be vaporized on the influence website, however simply exterior it, a ~100m (330ft) excessive wave would have propagated.
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